Comparative Juvenile Justice Between mainland China and Scotland

Abstract

In the rapid development of information and economy, the phenomenon of juvenile crime has gradually emerged. However, youth crime should not be limited to the crime of concern or the perpetrator itself. More profound factors from the social level and the policy system should be considered. This research compares the youth justice systems in mainland China and Scotland, focusing on one question: How are children who commit offenses treated in China and how does this compare to Scotland? Discuss how different approaches and policies can solve same problems. Given the high ethical sensitivity of qualitative youth research, this study employs a comparative literature case study methodology. It analyses and contrasts relevant reform measures, legal provisions, and practical outcomes within the judicial systems of both jurisdictions. The research aims to identify similarities and differences in youth governance approaches across two judicial territories characterized by distinct cultural backgrounds, political systems, social structures, and economic frameworks. It examines their compliance with the requirements of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), their efforts to refine governance concepts, and the distinct obstacles and challenges each faces. There exists no universal policy for addressing juvenile delinquency, nor any perfect model capable of eradicating it entirely. The optimal approach lies in a judicial system that adapts to national circumstances and evolves alongside societal development. Through comparative analysis, it is possible to gain clearer insight into the strengths and weaknesses of each system, thereby incorporating superior practices into judicial reforms.