Evaluation of the Implementation Effectiveness of Bilingual Education Policies for Ethnic Minorities from the Perspective of Educational Equity

Abstract

This article systematically evaluates the implementation effectiveness and structural challenges of bilingual education policies for ethnic minorities in China from the perspective of educational equity. Research has found that policies have achieved significant results in expanding educational opportunities, but are constrained by urban-rural differences and the regional imbalance in resource allocation is prominent. The policy faces three core contradictions: the conflict between the goal of national integration needs and ethnic cultural autonomy, the adaptation dilemma between the "one size fits all" implementation model and linguistic ecological diversity, and the time lag effect between short-term performance evaluation and long-term cultural benefits. These contradictions reveal the tension between a unified policy framework and local specificity, reflecting the deep game between instrumental rationality and cultural values in educational governance. Future policy optimization requires the establishment of a flexible implementation mechanism, the improvement of a diversified evaluation system, and the enhancement of the sustainability of cultural heritage while ensuring the functionality of language tools.