Organic carbon stock, carbohydrates and aggregate stability of an ultisols in managed secondary forests

Bassey Etim Udom; Godknows Eguma; Achimota Ayadei Dickson; William Perekekeme Agbai; Anita Omodah Nengi-Benwari

doi:10.26789/AEB.2024.02.011

Organic carbon stock, carbohydrates and aggregate stability of an ultisols in managed secondary forests

VIEWS - 345 (Abstract) 27 (PDF)

Bassey Etim Udom, Godknows Eguma, Achimota Ayadei Dickson, William Perekekeme Agbai, Anita Omodah Nengi-Benwari

Abstract

Information on soil organic carbon stock (SOCs) and carbohydrates (R-CHO) in soils is a prerequisite to understanding the maintenance of soil health, because they promote aggregate stability, soil aeration and the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere. The study was carried out to quantified soil organic carbon stock and acid-soluble carbohydrates in soils under different land uses in the University of Port Harcourt Research Farms and related them to maintenance of soil structural indices. The land use types were: Teak (Tectona grandis), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea), Rubber (Hevea brasilensis), and continuously cultivated plots to maize and cassava (CC). Results revealed significant changes in mean weight diameter (MWD) of water stable aggregates, acid soluble carbohydrates, and soil organic carbon storage amongst the various land use types. Mean weight diameter of the topsoil was highest in Teak (0.93 mm), followed by 0.84 mm in Gmelina soils. Acid soluble carbohydrates (R-CHO) values were 20.67, 19.80, 18.67 and 3.60 g/kg^-1 for Rubber, Gmelina, Teak and (CC) soils, respectively. Cultivation of Teak, Gmelina, and Rubber, increased topsoil organic carbon stock by 102.8, 90.2, and 60.8% respectively, compared to the CC soil. The dry bulk density varied significantly (p < 0.05) in Teak at 1.28 g cm^-3 and 1.68 g cm^-3 in CC soils. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) value as slow as 4.8 cm h^-1 was obtained in CC, compared to rapid Ksat values of 25.0 and 22.6 cm h^-1 in Teak and Gmelina, respectively. Relationships showed a strong positive linear correlations between MWD and SOCs (r= 0.873, p < 0.01) and R-CHO (r= 0.856, p < 0.01). A positive correlation of SOCs with macro aggregates explained the involvement of SOC stock in the stabilization of micro aggregates for the formation of macro aggregates which promotes soil aeration and capillary pores, thereby, preventing soil degradation and compaction. Therefore, integrating these forest plants into the farming systems would help in improving the structural indices of the soil and also store significant quantity of SOC.

Keywords

Bulk density; macro-aggregates; porosity; soil structure; water stable aggregates

Full Text:

PDF Download

References

Akamigbo, F.O.R. 1984. The accuracy of field textures in a humid tropical environment. Soil Survey and Land Evaluation. 4: 63–70.

Amaechi, H.I., Maureen, N.A., Akudo, N.A. 2014. Analysis of rainfall variation in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-08162530

Anaya, C.A. and Huber-Sannwald, E. 2015. Long-term soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics after conversion of tropical forest to traditional sugarcane agriculture in East Mexico. Soil & Tillage Research, 147: 20-29. doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2014.11.003

Bottinelli, N., Angers, D.A., Hallaire, V.,Michot, D., Le Guillou, C., Cluzeau, D., Heddadj, D., Menasseri-Aubry. S. 2017. Tillage and fertilization practices affect soil aggregate stability in a Humic Cambisol of Northwest France. Soil and Tillage Research, 170: 14-17. doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2017.02.008.

Carrizo, M.E., Alesso, C.A., Cosentino, D., Imhoff, S. 2015. Aggregation agents and structural stability in soils with different texture and organic carbon contents. Scientia Agricola, 72: 75-82. doi.org/10.1590/0103-9016-2014-0026

Cheng, M., Yun X., Zhijing, X., Shaoshan, A. 2015. Soil aggregation and intra-aggregate carbon fractions in relation to vegetation succession on the Loess Plateau, China. doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.09.006

de Souza, G.P., de Figueiredo, C.C., de Sousa, D.M.G. 2016. Relationships between labile soil organic carbon fractions under different soil management systems. Scientia Agricola, 73(6): 535-542. doi.org/10.1590/0103-9016-2015-0047

Duchicela, J., Sullivan, T.S., Bontti, E., Bever, J.D. 2013. Soil aggregate stability increase is strongly related to fungal community succession along an abandoned agricultural field chronosequence in the Bolivian Altiplano. Journal of Applied Ecology, 50(5): 1266-1273. doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12130

Egan, G., Michael, J. C., Fornara, D. A. (2018). Effects of long-term grassland management on the carbon and nitrogen pools of different soil aggregate fractions. Science of Total Environment, 613-614: 810-819. doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.165.

Flint, L.E. and Flint, A.L. 2002. Pore-size distribution. In: Dane, J.H., Topp, G.C. (eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis, Part I. Physical Methods. Soil Science Society of America. Madison, WI, USA, pp. 246–253. https://indico.ictp.it/event/a06222/material/4/48.

Gee, G.W. and Bauder, J.W. 1986. Particle size analysis. In: Klute A. (ed). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1: Agronomy Monograph. No. 9. 2nd (ed). pp. 383-411.

Grossman, R.B. and Reinsch, T.G. 2002. Bulk density and linear extensibility. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4: Physical Methods. In: Dane, J.H., Topp, C.C. (eds). ASA and SSSA, Madison, WI., USA.,pp: 201-228.

Gunina, A. and Kuzyakov, Y. 2015. Sugars in soil and sweet s for microorganisms: Review of origin, content, composition and fate. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 90: 87–100. doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.07.021.

Guo, Z.C., Zhang, Z.B., Zhou, H., Rahman, M.T., Wang, D.Z., Guo, X.S., Li, L.J., Peng, X.H. 2018. Long-term animal manure application promoted biological binding agents but not soil aggregation in a Vertisol. Soil & Tillage. Research., 180:232-237. doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2018.03.007.

Guo, Z., Zhang, J., Fan, J., Yang, X., Yi, Y., Han, X., Wang, D., Zhu, P., Peng, X. 2019. Does animal manure application improve soil aggregation? Insights from nine long-term fertilization experiments. Science of the Total Environment, 660:1029-1037. doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.051

Hillel, D. (2004). Introduction to Environmental Soil Physics. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Kemper, W.D., Rosenau, R.C., 1986. Aggregate stability and size distribution. In: Klute, A. (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1, 2nd ed. Am. Soc. Agron., Madison (WI), pp. 425–442.

Lan, J., Qixia, L., Mingzhi, H., Yongxiang, J., Ning, H. 2021. Afforestation-induced large macroaggregate formation promotes soil organic carbon accumulation in degraded karst area. Forest Ecology and Management. doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119884. 505.

Larré Larrouy, M.C., Blanchart, E., Albrecht, A., Feller, C. 2004. Carbon and monosaccharides of a tropical Vertisol under pasture and market gardening: distribution in secondary organomineral separates. Geoderma, 119: 163–178.

Liu, W., Wei, Y., Li, R., Chen, Z. Wang, H., Virk, A.L., Lal,,R., Zhao, X., Zhang, H. 2022. Improving soil aggregates stability and soil organic carbon sequestration by no-till and legume-based crop rotations in the North China Plain. Science of the Total Environment, 847:157518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157518

Lykhman, V., Klimenko, A., Dubinina, M., Naimi, O., Polienko, E. 2020. Influence of humic preparations on the content of carbohydrates in structural units and their water resistance. E3S Web Conf., 210, 04005. doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021004005

Martins, M.D.R., Angers, D.A., Corá, J.E. 2012. Carbohydrate Composition and Water-Stable Aggregation of an Oxisol as Affected by Crop Sequence under No-Till. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 76(2): 475-484. doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2011.0110

Nelson, D.W. and Sommers, L.C. 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter, in Sparks D. L. (ed.): Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3—Chemical Methods. SSSA, Madison, WI, USA, pp. 539–579. doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.3.c34

Okolo, C. C., Girmay G.S., Amanuel. Z., Mitiku, H. Peter N. E. (2020). Accumulation of organic carbon in various soil aggregate sizes under different land use systems in a semi-arid environment. 297, 106924. doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020. 106924},

Parwada, C., and Van Tol, J. 2016. Soil properties influencing erodibility of soils in the Ntabelanga area, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Acta Agriculturue Scandinavica, Section D. Soil Plant Sci., 67, 1-10. doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2016.1220614

Poeplau, C., Vos, C., Axel, D. 2017. Soil organic carbon stocks are systematically overestimated by misuse of the parameters bulk density and rock fragment content. Soil 3:61. doi: 10.5194/soil-3-61-2017

Ratnayake, R. R., Seneviratne, G., and Kulasooriya, S. A. 2013. Effect of soil carbohydrates on nutrient availability in natural forests and cultivated lands in Sri Lanka. Eurasian Soil Science., 46: 579-586. doi.org/10.1134/S1064229313050177

Reynolds, W.D., Elick, D.E., Youngs, E.G., Amoozegar, A., Bootink, N.W. 2002. Saturated and field-unsaturated water flow parameters: laboratory methods. In: J.H. Dane and C.G. Topp (Eds.), Methods of soil analysis, Part 4: Physical methods. Soil Science Society of America, pp. 802-817. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.4

Safarik, I. and Santruckova, H. 1992. Direct determination of total soil carbohydrate content. Plant and Soil, 143: 109-114.

SAS 1996. Procedures in the SAS/STAT Guide for Personal Computers. Version 6, SAS Institute Inc., North Carolina, USA.

Shi, J., Lei, D., Anna, G., Sulaiman, A., Kaibo, W., Jiwei Li, Y., Liu, Z., Shangguan, Kuzyakov, Y. 2023. Carbon stabilization pathways in soil aggregates during long-term forest succession: Implications from Î´13C signatures. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 180: 108988. doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2023.108988.

Udom, B.E. and Ogunwole, J.O. 2015. Soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus distribution in stable aggregates of an ultisol under contrasting land use and management history. Journal of. Plant Nutrition and. Soil Science. 178: 460–467. doi: 10.1002/jpln.201400535

Udom, B.E. and Simon, U.G. 2020. Effect of land-use on particulate organic carbon and carbohydrates distributions in dry- and wet-sieved stable aggregates in an ultisol. Nigeria. Journal of Soil Sciemce, 30(2): 1-8. doi.org/10.36265/njss.2020.300301

Udom, B.E., Ikiriko, M.E., Gogo, A.J., Dickson, A.A. 2024. Water dispersible clay and micro structure of soils from coastal plain sands, shale and false-bedded sandstones. Soil Security 16:100137 doi.org/10.1016/j.soisec.2024.100137.

Udom, B.E., Udom, G.J., Otta, J.T. 2022. Breakdown of dry aggregates by water drops after applications of poultry manure and spent mushroom wastes. Soil & Tillage Research, 217:106267. doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.105267

Ye, L., Wenfeng, T., Linchuan, F., Lingling, J. 2019. Spatial analysis of soil aggregate stability in a small catchment of the Loess Plateau, China: II. Spatial prediction, Soil and Tillage Research, 192: 1-11. doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.03.009.

Yılmaz, E., Çanakcı, M., Topakcı, M., Sönmez, S., Ağsaran, B., Alagöz, Z., Çıtak, S., Uras, D.S. 2019. Effect of vineyard pruning residue application on soil aggregate formation, aggregate stability and carbon content in different aggregate sizes. Catena, 183: 104219. doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104219

Zhang, C., Guobin, L., Sha, X., Caili, S. 2013. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen storage as affected by land use in a small watershed of the Loess Plateau, China. European Journal of Soil Biology, 54:16-24. doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.10.007.

Zhang, S., Wang, R., Yang, X., Sun, B., Li, Q. 2016. Soil aggregation and aggregating agents as affected by long term contrasting management of an Anthrosol. Scientific Reports, 6(1): 39107. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39107

Zhao, F.Z., Ren, C.J., Han, X.H., Yang, G.H., Wang, J., Doughty, R. 2018. Changes of soil microbial and enzyme activities are linked to soil C, N and P stoichiometry in afforested ecosystems. doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.06.011

Zhaoa, J., Chena, S., Hua, R., Lia, Y. 2017. Aggregate stability and size distribution of red soils under different land uses integrally regulated by soil organic matter, and iron and aluminum oxides. Soil & Tillage Research, 167:73–79. dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.11.007

Zubair, M., Anwar, F., Ashraf, M., Ashraf, A., & Chatha, S. A. S. (2012). Effect of green and farmyard manure on carbohydrates dynamics of salt-affected soil. Journal Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 12: 497-510. doi.org/10.4067/S0718-951620120050000

View

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26789/AEB.2024.02.011

Crossmark

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Username
Password
Remember me